Introduction
Following are digital
resources for Vikings in world history. The resources are divided into an
Overview which includes general resources for Viking history and culture. That
overview is followed by the following sections: Lessons (Overview), Gender,
University syllabi, Varangian Rus, the Appropriation of Viking History
by White Supremacists to promote their agenda, Videos, The Norse/Vikings,
Norse/Viking Lessons, Podcasts, Videos for Norse/Vikings, Book and Film Reviews,
and Websites.
Overview
https://whc.unesco.org
L'Anse aux Meadows.
World Heritage and Canadian National Historic Site at the tip of the Great
Northern Peninsula of the island of Newfoundland, where the remains of an
11th-century Viking settlement has been found.
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2017/03/vikings-ships-realm-raiders-scandinavian/
"The Realm of
the Vikings," National Geographic, March 2017. See interactive
showing Viking ship construction and varieties of Viking ships along with
interactive map showing routes of seafaring Vikings, Norse, and Rus.
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/vikings/
"The
Vikings," NOVA, PBS companion website to "The Vikings,"
a two-hour NOVA program originally broadcast May 9, 2000. See transcript for
this program below:
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/transcripts/2708vikings.html
"The
Vikings," PBS, NOVA, May 2000. Transcript for two-hour documentary.
https://www.historyonthenet.com/vikings-history-overview-culture-history-viking-age
"Vikings
History: An Overview of the Culture and History of the Viking
Age," History on the net, ed., Dr. Scott Michael Rank,
seen September 13, 2019.
https://www.historytoday.com/miscellanies/vikings-warriors-no-nation
Eleanor
Barraclough, "Vikings: Warriors of No Nation," History
Today, April 10, 2019. "Racially pure" Viking stereotype is a
myth argued Eleanor Barraclough.
https://www.ancient.eu/Vikings/
Joshua J. Mark,
"Vikings," Ancient History Encyclopedia, January 29, 2018.
http://www.sourcinginnovation.com/archaeology/Arch07.htm
Michael G. Lamoureux,
"The influence of Vikings on European culture," Sourcing
Innovation, March/April 2009. Slim summary.
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/raiders-or-traders-52803648/
Andrew Curry,
"Raiders or Traders?" Smithsonian, July 2008.
https://news.yale.edu/2013/03/08/vikings-yale-historian-looks-myths-vs-history
Dorie Baker,
"The Vikings: Yale historian looks at the myths vs. the
history," Yale News, March 8, 2013. As a lead-up to the History Channel
series, "Vikings," Tom Ashbrook, host of NPR's "On
Point" talked with Yale's Anders Winroth, foremost authority on the
subject, to de-mystify the legendary raiders of the North.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/vikings/evidence_01.shtml
Gareth Williams,
"How do we know about the Vikings?" BBC, History, last update
February 17, 2011.
https://www.history.com/shows/vikings/pages/vikings-historians-view
Vikings Historian's
View, History.com. See numerous Viking articles covering 800 CE to the
11th century.
https://www.academia.edu/4106961/All_in_one_Boat._The_Vikings_as_European_and_Global_Heritage
Soren Sindbaek,
"(PDF) All in one Boat. The Vikings as European and Global Heritage,"
Chapter 8, pages 81-88, in Heritage Reinvents Europe, EAC Occasional Paper, No.
7, Proceedings of the Internationale Conference, Ename, Belgium, March 17-19, 2011,
edited by Dirk Callebaut, etc. al. Uploaded to Academia by Soren Sindbaek.
Paper/Chapter presented a survey of contexts and places where Vikings are
currently highlighted as a European cultural heritage.
Lessons
(Overview)
https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/topics/ztyr9j6
Vikings-KS2 History, BBC Bitesize learning modules. Annotated animated resources most likely aimed at
elementary and middle school students.
https://wkar.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/a601b332-5ea5-4039-943e-5a54af23d0a0/vikings-vikings-everywhere/
"Vikings,
Vikings Everywhere, Teaching With Primary Sources," PBS Learning
Media lessons and interactives.
https://www.history.org.uk/primary/categories/765/module/3694/romans-anglo-saxons-and-vikings/3701/the-thing-and-viking-migration
"The Thing and
Viking migration," Historical Association, UK. A simulation to help
students understand why the Vikings would leave home and settle abroad.
https://php.radford.edu/~vga/?page_id=7402
Lesson module,
Session 2, "Middle Ages: Viking Invasions," Radford University,
Virginia Geographic Alliance. Note Session 1
Lessons, Europe in
the Middle Ages, 500-1000 CE: https://php.radford.edu/~vga/?page_id=7354
http://www.myfreshplans.com/2011/11/viking-lesson-plans/
"Viking Lesson
Plans," Fresh Plans, November 2011. See embedded links for
resources and lesson ideas.
https://mrcaseyhistory.files.wordpress.com/2015/01/vikings-terror-of-europe.pdf
"The
Vikings: Terror of Europe," Mr. Casey, AP World History website, January
2015. Guided Document Based Essay question with seven documents. See more
lessons from February 1, 2019 updated APWH Modern website, Mr. Casey, Maspeth
High School, Elmhurst, NY: https://mrcaseyhistory.com/2019/02/01/viking-raiders-and-traders/.
Gender
https://www.ancient.eu/article/1251/women-in-the-viking-age/
Emma Groeneveld,
"Women in the Viking Age," Ancient History Encyclopedia, July
11, 2018.
https://digitalcommons.wou.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1044&context=his
Kendall M. Holcomb,
"Pulling the Strings: The Influential Power of Women in Viking Age
Iceland," Digital Commons at Western Oregon University, 2015.
https://vikingagepodcast.com/the-threshold
Podcast series
beginning with Mother of Kings I-The Threshold, Viking Age Podcasts,
January 15, 2019. Series of podcasts which explored the life and legend of
Gunnhild Konungamooir, "Mother of Kings," and other powerful women in
Old Norse Literature.
http://www.heroicage.org/issues/19/sheble.php
Margaret Sheble,
Purdue University, "'Her temper was still the same': Women Resisting
Colonialism in Modern Viking Narratives," Heroic Age, A Journal of
Early Medieval Northwest Europe, Issue 19, October 4, 2019.
Descriptions of how Viking women are depicted in articles, poetry, simulation
games, history, including white nationalist venues.
http://wgst.athabascau.ca/awards/broberts/forms/Jessica.pdf
Jessica Adam,
"The Lives of Women in the Viking Age: The Role of Critical Feminist
and Historical Assessment," Essay, for History 383 course, Athabasca
University, Canada, November 3, 2014, 12 page pdf. A brief look at the
literature, resources for gender and women in the Viking Age.
https://lithub.com/to-live-like-the-women-of-viking-literature/
Linnea Hartsuyker,
"To Live Like the Women of Viking Literature," Literary Hub,
August 10, 2017. Women's appearances in Viking literature go beyond the home
and children.
https://www.academia.edu/271171/Gender_Material_Culture_and_identity_in_the_Viking_Diaspora._In_Viking_and_Medieval_Scandinavia_5_2009_253-269
Marie Louise Stig
Sorensen, "(PDF) Gender, Material Culture and identity in the Viking
Diaspora. In Viking and Medieval Scandinavia 5 (2009), 253-269,” Viking
and Medieval Scandinavia, 5, 2009, 253-269, uploaded to Academia by
Marie Louise Stig Sorensen. As a theoretical support for the aims of theorizing
the Viking Age as a diaspora, this paper reflected on the impact of diaspora on
identity, esp. gender.
https://en.natmus.dk/historical-knowledge/denmark/prehistoric-period-until-1050-ad/the-viking-age/the-people/women/
"Women in the
Viking Age, National Museum of Denmark. Slim review of gender and women in
Viking culture to 1050 CE.
https://www.hellulandnews.com/science/2017/9/16/no-viking-women-warriors
Christopher Bjornsen,
"No Viking Women Warriors," HUV, Hellu Land News, September
16, 2017. Note posts on this site as to critique of archaeologist Charlotte
Hedenstierna-Jonson, "A female Viking Warrior confirmed by genomics,"
published in American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Uppsala
University.
https://theweek.com/articles/865878/myth-viking-woman-warrior
Erika Harlitz,
"The Myth of the Viking Woman Warrior," The Week, October 9,
2019. Until more solid evidence comes to light, the Viking woman warrior
remains a fantasy.
https://soundcloud.com/historyhit/viking-warrior-women-stephen
}26:40 Podcast.
"Viking Warrior Women with Stephen Harrison," Dan Snow's History
Hit Podcast, 2018. Stephen Harrison is a lecturer in Archaeology at
the University of Glasgow with research interest on the archaeology of Early
Viking Age Ireland and Britain.
https://soundcloud.com/historyissexy/episode-27-the-lives-of-viking-and-mongolian-women
47:54 Podcast.
"The Lives of Viking and Mongolian Women," History is Sexy
Podcast, Episode 27, 2019. A comparative of gender in two martial cultures.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ngEWPL01yjs
15:22 Video. Ragnar
Dracaena, "Women in Viking Age Scandinavia," part of series, The
Modern Viking, published on You Tube June 4, 2018.
https://www.academia.edu/2601720/Bureychak_Tetyana._2012._In_Search_of_Heroes_Vikings_and_Cossacks_in_Present_Sweden_and_Ukraine._NORMA.
_Nordic_Journal_for_Masculinities_Studies._Vol._07_Issue_2_139_159
Tetyana Bureychak,
"In Search of Heroes: Vikings and Cossacks in Present Sweden and
Ukraine," NORMA, Nordic Journal for Masculinities Studies, Vol. 7,
Issue 2, 2012, 139-159. Uploaded to Academia by Tetyana Bureychak, Linkoping
University, Sweden. Comparative analysis of symbolic mechanisms that
legitimize hegomonic masculinity in Sweden and Ukraine society.
https://norse-mythology.org/viking-gender-roles/
Daniel McCoy,
"Viking Gender Roles," Norse Mythology for Smart People, website.
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/6c68/926516a03d18d031932645f3ff23d2273b11.pdf?_ga=2.189273896.225008459.1570825194-1576228703.1570825194
Sami Raninen,
"Queer Vikings?" Queer Scope Articles, Semantic Scholar, February 2008.
Syllabi
https://www.wittenberg.edu/sites/default/files/media/history/The%20Viking%20World%20Syllabus.pdf
Christian
Raffensperger, "The Viking World," Syllabus, Spring Semester, 2010,
Wittenberg University.
https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/hist3200/Syll3200.html
Dr. Oren Falk, The
Viking Age, syllabus, Spring 2012, Cornell University.
https://www.academia.edu/28285446/ANTH.000_The_Vikings_Raiders_Traders_Farmers_UAB_sample_syllabus_course_pending_Sept._6_2016
Gregory Mumford,
ANTH.000, The Viking Raiders, Traders, Farmers, (UAB sample syllabus; course
pending, Sept. 6, 2016), University of Alabama, Birmingham. Uploaded to
Academia by Gregory Mumford.
https://www.academia.edu/6094623/Syllabus_The_Viking_World_Story_History_and_Archaeology
Austin Mason,
Macalester College, Minnesota, and Cameron Bradley, Carleton College,
Minnesota, "Syllabus: The Viking World--Story, History and
Archaeology," University of Minnesota, nd. Uploaded to Academia by Austin
Mason.
http://libraryguides.missouri.edu/c.php?g=28051&p=172980
Lois L. Huneycutt,
"The Age of the Vikings, c. 800-c. 1200," Syllabus, History 4550,
University of Missouri, last updated August 16, 2019. Note Viking Women and
gender histories in Books to review at bottom of this syllabus.
http://faculty.washington.edu/leiren/vikings.html
Dr. Terje Leiren,
"The Vikings: A History," Syllabus, University of Washington,
Fall Quarter 2019. See Lecture Overheads, Websites and Links,
and links to Havamal-The Words of Odin the High One (which does not
open), Rigsthula: The Lay of Rig, and The Account Given by
Ohthere.
Note Havamal resources
in Viking/Norse section below and see Havamal here: http://www.pitt.edu/~dash/havamal.html
https://disabroad.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2015/07/sp17-eh-sto-the-vikings-1.pdf
Madeline Hurd,
"Final Syllabus-The Vikings," DIS-Study Abroad in Scandinavia,
Stockholm Sweden, Spring 2017.
https://canvas.disabroad.org/courses/3900/assignments/syllabus
Kim
Bergqvist, Course Syllabus, "World of the Vikings," DISabroad,
Stockholm, Sweden, Fall 2020.
https://english.hi.is/viking_and_medieval_norse_studies
"Viking and
Medieval Norse Studies," Course description, Readings, Universities of
Iceland, Oslo, Norway, Copenhagen, Denmark. Two year Nordic
Master's Programme, February 1, 2020.
Varangian
Rus
https://www.academia.edu/39724176/The_First_Christian_Rus_Generation_Contextualizing_the_Black_Sea_Events_of_1016_1024_and_1043
Alex M. Feldman,
"(PDF) The First Christian Rus' Generation: Contextualizing the
Black Sea Events of 1016, 1024, and 1043," Rossica Antiqua, No. 16,
2018, uploaded to Academia by Alex M. Feldman.
https://www.history.com/news/globetrotting-vikings-the-quest-for-constantinople
Christopher Klein,
"Globetrotting Vikings: The Quest for Constantinople," History.com,
last updated October 19, 2018. Rus attempt to conquer Constantinople failed.
Varangian Guard employed by the Byzantines.
https://www.academia.edu/3628861/Varangian_Norse_Influences_Within_the_Elite_Guard_of_Byzantium
Travis W. Shores,
(PDF) "Varangian: Norse Influences Within the Elite Guard of
Byzantium," Paper, Spring 2013, uploaded to Academia by Travis Shores.
https://www.academia.edu/26862338/What_does_material_evidence_tell_us_about_contacts_between_Byzantium_and_the_Viking_world_c._800_1000?
email_work_card=title
Fedir Androshchuk,
"What does material evidence tell us about contacts between Byzantium and
the Viking world c. 800-1000?" Chapter in Byzantine in the Viking World, Uppsala Universitie, 91-116, uploaded to Academia by Fedir Androshchuk.
https://www.thenational.ae/world/when-the-arabs-met-the-vikings-new-discovery-suggests-ancient-links-1.125718
Rym Ghazal,
"When the Arabs met the Vikings: New discovery suggests ancient
links," The National, May 6, 2015.
https://archive.aramcoworld.com/issue/199906/among.the.norse.tribes-the.remarkable.account.of.ibn.fadlan.htm
Judith Gabriel,
"Among the Norse Tribes-The Remarkable Account of Ibn Fadlan," Aramco World, November/December 1999. Ibn Fadlan's 921-922 CE encounter with
the Viking Rus as he traveled up the Volga representing the Abbasid Caliph of
Baghdad on a mission to the king of the Volga Bulgars, recounted in his journal
titled, "Risala."
https://www.academia.edu/4094697/Rus_in_Arabic_Sources_Cultural_Contacts_and_Identity_PhD_dissertation_
Thorir Jonsson
Hraundal, "Rus in Arabic Sources: Cultural Contacts and Identity,
PhD dissertation," Centre for Medieval Studies, University of Bergen,
February 2013. PhD dissertation. Uploaded to Academia by Thorir Jonsson
Hraundal.
https://www.academia.edu/26549730/New_Perspectives_on_Eastern_Vikings_Rus_in_Arabic_Sources
Thorir Jonsson
Hraundal, "New Perspectives on Eastern Vikings/Rus in Arabic
Sources," Viking and Medieval Scandinavia Journal, 2014,
65-98. Follow-up to Hraundal's PhD dissertation linked above.
http://www.etd.ceu.edu/2018/katona_csete.pdf
Csete Katona,
"Co-operation between the Viking Rus' and the Turkic nomads of the steppe
in the ninth-eleventh centuries, MA Thesis in Medieval Studies, May 2018,
Central European University, Budapest, 144- page pdf.
https://www.academia.edu/36442346/Gotland_the_Pearl_of_the_Baltic_Sea_home_of_the_Varangians_pages_1-166?email_work_card=title
Tore Gannholm, "Gotland: the Pearl of the Baltic Sea, home of the Varangians, pages 1-166,"
B4Press, 2013, uploaded to Academia by Tore Gannholm.
https://www.academia.edu/33629707/Gotland_the_Pearl_of_the_Baltic_Sea_Center_of_commerce_and_culture_in_the_Baltic_Sea_region_for_over_2000_years
Tore Gannholm, "Gotland: The Pearl of the Baltic Sea," 2013, 1-10, uploaded to Academia by Tore
Gannholm. See other chapters and pages from this book on right side of this
page.
https://www.academia.edu/22415086/The_Gotlandic_Merchant_Republic_and_its_trade_on_the_Russian_rivers_in_the_700s-900s?email_work_card=title
Tore Gannholm,
"The Gotlandic Merchant Republic and its trade on the Russian rivers in
the 700's-900's," excerpt from Gotland: The Pearl of the Baltic
Sea, Center of commerce and culture in the Baltic Sea region for over 2000
years, 2013, 139-157. Uploaded to Academia by Tore Gannholm. See more chapters
from this book, articles, papers on Gotland and Varangian/Rus on right side
of this page.
https://www.academia.edu/5473208/Gotlandic_merchants_Rus_on_the_Russian_rivers?email_work_card=title
Tore Gannholm,
"Gotlandic merchants (Rus') on the Russian rivers," excerpt from Gotland: The Pearl of the Baltic Sea, 2013, 136-160, uploaded to
Academia by Tore Gannholm.
https://www.academia.edu/36392982/_The_history_of_the_Varangians_and_their_world-unique_Medieval_Churches_1-148.pdf
Tore Gannholm, (PDF)
"The history of the Varangians and world-unique Medieval Churches,"
2015, 1-148 pdf, uploaded to Academia by Tore Gannholm. See other Gotland
Varangian resources to the right of this page.
https://www.academia.edu/32564170/Gotland_the_home_of_the_Varangians
Tore Gannholm,
"Gotland the home of the Varangians," 2017, uploaded to Academia by
Tore Gannholm. Gannholm differentiated between Vikings and the Varangian
Gotland Merchant Republic.
https://independent.academia.edu/ToreGannholm
Tore Gannholm,
Independent Academia. See all of Tore Gannholm papers, articles and monographs
on Gotlandic and Varangian Rus Swedish history.
https://www2.stetson.edu/~psteeves/classes/pritsak.html
Omeljan Pritsak,
"The Origin of Rus'," The Russia Review, July 1977, 249-273.
The Normanist versus Anti-Normanist controversy as to Norsemen founding Kievan
Rus.' Historiography.
https://www.academia.edu/6751637/From_Sweden_to_Russia_Staraya_Ladoga_and_the_role_of_Vikings_in_establishment_of_the_Russian_State
Malena M. Vanpil,
"(PDF) From Sweden to Russia: Staraya Ladoga and the role of Vikings
in establishment of the Russian State," Uppsal Universitie, April 11,
2013, uploaded to Academia by Malena Vanpil. See other Rhos/Rus, Varangian,
Gotland, Swedish Vikings in Russia articles, papers to the right of this page.
https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/source/nestor.asp
"Medieval
Sourcebook: The Chronicle of Nestor," Medieval Sourcebook,
Fordham University. Excerpt from The Chronicle of Nestor as to
Varangians ruling Rus. Also referred to as The Russian Primary Chronicle.
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/c758/061116fe62211617a0b735f56ed192fe48e9.pdf
The
Russian Primary Chronicle, Laurentian Text, trans. and edited by Samuel Hazzard Cross (1930) and Olgerd P.
Sherbowitz-Wetzor (1953), Mediaeval Academy of America. History of the Eastern
Slavs and Varangian Rus role in ruling early Kiev.
See more on The
Russian Primary Chronicle below:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_Chronicle
"Primary
Chronicle," Wikipedia. The Tale of Bygone Years (Old East
Slavic), known in English-language historiography as the Primary Chronicle or Rus' Primary Chronicle or, after the author it has traditionally been
ascribed to, Nestor's Chronicle or The Chronicle of Nestor, is a
history of the Kyivan Rus' from about 850-1100 CE.
http://diasporiana.org.ua/wp-content/uploads/books/8713/file.pdf
Serhii Plokhy,
"The Origins of the Slavic Nations--Premodern Identities in Rus, Ukraine,
and Belarus," Cambridge, 2006.
Was Kievan Rus' the
product of activities of Vikings/Norsemen/Varangians or was it a state, not
only populated by Eastern Slavs, but also created and ruled by them? Historiography and history as nationalist populism.
http://www.nordicestonia.com/nordic/estonian-vikings/
"Estonian
Vikings," Nordic Estonia, nd.
https://www.academia.edu/17005018/VIKINGS_INVOLVEMENT_IN_THE_CIVIL_WAR_1046_IN_GEORGIA
Jaba Samushia,
"Vikings Involvement in the Civil War 1046 in Georgia," Pro
Georgia, 2013, 55-63, uploaded to Academia by Jaba Samushia.
https://www.academia.edu/1429916/Rus_Varangians_and_Birka_Warriors?email_work_card=title
Charlotte
Hedenstierna-Jonson, "Rus, Varangians and Birka Warriors," in The
Martial Society. Aspects of warriors, fortifications and social change
in Scandinavia, eds., L. Holmquist Olausson & M. Olausson, 2009,
160-178. Uploaded to Academia by Charlotte Hedenstierna-Jonson. See, The Martial
Society book with theses and papers below:
https://www.academia.edu/21764390/The_Martial_Society._Aspects_of_warriors_fortifications_and_social_change_in_Scandinavia
Lena Holmquist,
Charlotte Hedenstierna-Jonson, Fedir Andoshchuk, Anna Kjellstrom, and Michael
Olausson, etc., eds., The Martial Society. Aspects of warriors,
fortifications and social change in Scandinavia, Archaeological
Research Laboratory, Stockholm, University, 2009, uploaded to Academia by
Charlotte Hedenstierna-Jonson, etc. See tabs beneath title, The Martial Society
for more resources, papers, articles, monographs on Viking Age Architecture,
Viking Age Scandinavia, Fortifications, Material Culture of the Viking Age,
Varangians, + 2 more.
https://hubpages.com/education/VIKING-40-Rurik-And-The-Rus
Alan R. Lancaster,
"Viking-40: Rurik and the Rus-Russia, a Norseman Founds a Dynasty
and a Super State, Hub Pages, last updated May 1, 2019. Look to right of this
page to see other Viking articles.
http://www.wou.edu/history/files/2015/08/Katie-Lane.pdf
Katie Lane,
"Vikings in the East: Scandinavian Influence in Kievan Rus,"
WOU, Western Oregon University Homepage, posted August 2015. The
Vikings, referred to as Varangians in East Europe, research paper, Spring
2005, 49 page pdf.
https://www.academia.edu/36999059/Bosselmann-Ruickbie_Heavy_Metal_Meets_Byzantium_Contact_Between_Scandinavia_and_Byzantium_in_the_
Albums_The_Varangian_Way_2007_and_Stand_Up_and_Fight_2011_by_the_Finnish_Band_Turisas._In_Daim_et_al._Wege_der_Kommunikation_
zwischen_Byzanz_und_dem_Westen_2_BOO_9.2_Mainz_2018_391-419?email_work_card=title
Antje
Bosselmann-Ruickbie, "Bosselman-Ruickbie: Heavy Metal Meets
Byzantium! Contact Between Scandinavian and Byzantium in the Albums 'The
Varangian Way' (2007) and 'Stand Up and Fight (2011) by
Finnish Band Turisas. In: Daim et al., Wege der Kommunikation zwischen Byzanz und dem Westen, 2, BOO, 9.2, Mainz, 2018, 391-419. Uploaded to
Academia by Antje Bosselmann-Ruickbie, Justus-Lieberg-University, Giessen,
Germany .
Note other Varangian,
Byzantine history specific articles, monographs to the right of this page.
https://www.metalmusicarchives.com/subgenre/viking-metal
Viking metal, metal
music archives. Norse legends are themes of Viking Metal music.
https://archive.org/details/TheRussianPrimaryChronicle
The Russian Primary
Chronicle. History of Kievan Rus' from about 850 to 1110, originally compiled
in 1113, Laurentian Text, The Medieval Academy of America, Cambridge, Mass.,
1953.
White
Supremacists and Vikings
http://theconversation.com/vikings-were-never-the-pure-bred-master-race-white-supremacists-like-to-portray-84455
Clare Downham, "Vikings
were never the pure-bred master race white supremacists like to portray," The
Conversation, September 28, 2017. The word 'Viking' entered the Modern
English language in 1807, at a time of growing nationalism and empire building.
The following decades produced "Viking" stereotypes that supported
nationalism and white superiority.
https://www.washingtonpost.com/posteverything/wp/2017/05/31/white-supremacists-love-vikings-but-theyve-got-history-all-wrong/
David Perry,
"White Supremacists Love Vikings. But they've got history all wrong," Washington Post, May 31, 2017. Note 2017 date for some articles
which is context for Charlottesville white supremacist march and violence.
https://www.norwegianamerican.com/featured/viking-symbols-stolen-racists/
Judith Gabriel Vinje,
"Viking Symbols 'Stolen' by Racists," Norwegian Americans, Los
Angeles, November 2, 2017, updated October 31, 2017.
https://www.ancient-origins.net/news-general/why-odin-new-god-choice-white-supremacists-008604
Riley Winters,
"Why Odin is the new God Choice for White Supremacists," Ancient
Origins, August 15, 2017.
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/17/world/europe/vikings-sweden-paganism-neonazis.html
Richard
Martyn-Hemphill and Henrik Pryser Libell, "Who Owns the Vikings? Pagans,
Neo-Nazis, and Advertisers Tussle Over Symbols," NY Times, March
17, 2018.
https://time.com/5569399/viking-history-white-nationalists/
Dorothy Kim,
"White Supremacists Have Weaponized an Imaginary Viking Past. It's Time to
Reclaim the Real History," Time, last updated April 15, 2019, Real
Viking society was multicultural and multiracial. So, where does the white supremacist
vision of their genealogy come from?
https://www.thedailybeast.com/what-the-alt-right-gets-wrong-about-the-vikings
Erika Harlitz-Kern,
"What the alt-right gets wrong about the Vikings," The Daily Beast,
August 17, 2019. Viking age Scandinavians were immigrants who traded with the
Muslim world and embraced gender fluidity--everything the alt-right despises.
Videos
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4-74nZZkAaY
10:10 Video, Dr.
Jackson Crawford, "The Viking Funeral Ibn Fadlan Saw," published on
You Tube, October 17, 2017. Ibn Fadlan's account of Viking/Rus funeral
witnessed in 922 CE, from his journal, Risala.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nena_Y0w7eM
5:57 Video. "Abbasid
& Vikings (Viking Raid to Caspian Sea)," published on You Tube
December 14, 2018.
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=the+kievan+rus+in+world+history&view=detail&mid=61868B0ED575BA16EAB361868B0ED575BA16
EAB3&FORM=VIRE
38:13 Video.
"Russia, the Kievan Rus, and the Mongols," by John Arnold. Published
on You Tube August 24, 2017. History of the Varangian Rus and their encounter
with the Mongols.
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=varangian+rus+in+russia&view=detail&mid=6F64D896CBA7D62668236F64D896CBA7D6266823&FORM=VIRE
18:32 Video.
"Anglo-Saxon Varangian Rus in Russia, (Byzantine Empire), published on You
Tube July 26, 2019. Tenth and Eleventh century 'video timeline' of Varangian
Rus support of Byzantine Empire. Scroll down to see other Varangian Rus videos.
See 3 part series on
Varangian Rus from Birka Viking:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X4_r-IySNKM
13:56 Video.
"The Varangian Rus 1/3," Birka Viking, published on You Tube
December 15, 2011.
Generally speaking,
the Norwegians expanded to the north and west to places such as Ireland,
Scotland, Iceland and Greenland, the Danes to England and France, settling in
the Danelaw (northern/eastern England) and Normandy, and the Swedes to the south
and east, founding the Kievan Rus.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E6T9zVFhxkE
7:26 Video. "The
Varangian Rus, 2/3," BirkaViking, published on You Tube December
15, 2011.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C06pP0rCvMs
10:44 Video.
"The Varangian Rus, 3/3," Birka Viking, published on You Tube
December 15, 2011. The Varangian Rus in Constantinople.
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=varangian+rus+slave+trade&qs=PF&cvid=f6d3fad644c543c6acdc0eee73134857&cc=US&setlang=
en-US&plvar=0&ru=%2fsearch%3fq%3dvarangian%2brus%2bslave%2btrade%26form%3dEDGEAR%26qs%3dPF%26cvid%3df6d3fad644c543c
6acdc0eee73134857%26cc%3dUS%26setlang%3den-US%26plvar%3d0&view=detail&mmscn=vwrc&mid=48253BD7A0B13026484848
253BD7A0B130264848&FORM=WRVORC
7:57 Video.
"Slave Trade Viking," Strange World of Econ, published on You
Tube May 16, 2017.
The
Norse/Vikings
https://digitalassets.lib.berkeley.edu/etd/ucb/text/Melleno_berkeley_0028E_14454.pdf
Daniel Melleno,
"Before They Were Vikings: Scandinavia and the Franks up to the
Death of Louis the Pius," PhD dissertation, University of California,
Berkeley, Spring 2014. Patterns of interaction and relationship between Francia
and Scandinavia from 700-840 CE. A narrative of commerce, diplomacy, and strife
between the Frankish Empire and its northern neighbors which began long before
the Viking Age.
https://www.academia.edu/1111867/The_small_world_of_the_Vikings_Networks_in_early_medieval_communication_and_exchange
Soren Michael
Sindbaek, "(PDF) The Small World of the Vikings: Networks in early
medieval communication and exchange," Norwegian Archaeological Review,
Vol. 40, no. 1, 2007, 59-74, uploaded to Academia by Soren Sindbaek.
"Network theory" as to Viking voyaging in south Scandinavia and
overseas.
https://www.academia.edu/35309417/The_Scandinavian_Trade_Network_in_the_Early_Viking_Age_Kaupang_and_Dublin_in_Context?email_work_card=title
Tenaya Jorgensen,
"The Scandinavian Trade Network in the Early Viking Age: Kaupang and
Dublin in Context," Paper, Trinity College, Dublin, nd., uploaded to
Academia by Tenaya Joregensen. Compare and contrast of Danish Kaupang in
southeast Norway's Skiringsaal and the West Norse Dublin which used
central place and network theory of two nodal points linked together by the
Scandinavian trade network.
https://www.academia.edu/10125680/Fibula_Fabula_Fact_-_The_Viking_Age_in_Finland_ed._Joonas_Ahola_and_Frog_with_Clive_Tolley_
Mr. Frog, Joonas Ahola,
Clive Tolley, eds., "Fibula, Fabula, Fact--The Viking Age in
Finland," uploaded to Academia by Joonas Ahola, Mr. Frog with Clive
Tolley. Entire 516 pages of The Viking Age in Finland, Studio Fennica
Historica, no. 18,
Helsinki: Finnish Literature Society, 2014.
https://www.academia.edu/1499804/Viking_Ethnicities_A_historiographic_overview?email_work_card=title
Clare Downham,
"Viking Ethnicities: A historiographic overview," History
Compass, Vol. 10, no. 1, October 2012, 1-12, uploaded to Academia by
Clare Downham. Downham focused on identity of the Vikings and how they
saw themselves along with historiographic trends of Viking ethnicities.
Downham also claimed to describing comparative analysis of human
immigration in this article. See other articles, monographs, papers on Vikings
and Ireland, Vikings in England, on the right side of this page.
https://www.academia.edu/1499799/Hiberno-Norwegians_and_Anglo-Danes_Anachronistic_Ethnicities_in_Viking_Age_England?email_work_card=title
Clare Downham,
"Hiberno-Norwegians and Anglo-Danes Anachronistic Ethnicities in Viking
Age England," Medieval Scandinavia, 19, 2009, 136-169. Uploaded to
Academia by Clare Downham.
https://www.academia.edu/1514025/Viking_Camps_in_Ninth-century_Ireland_Sources_Locations_and_Interactions?email_work_card=title
Clare Downham,
"Viking Camps in Ninth-century Ireland: Sources, Locations, and
Interactions," Paper presented at "Between the Islands"
conference at the University of Cambridge, March 13, 2009, uploaded to Academia
by Clare Downham.
https://www.academia.edu/13843949/Black_Pool_Hiberno-Norse_identity_in_Viking_Age_and_Early_Medieval_Ireland?email_work_card=title
Anton Amle,
"Black Pool: Hiberno-Norse Identity in Viking Age and Early Medieval
Ireland," Institute of Archaeology and Ancient History, Uppsala
Universitet, Master's Thesis Paper, Spring Semester 2014, uploaded to
Academia by Anton Amle.
See many other
monographs, papers on Norse Vikings and Ireland on right side of this page.
https://www.academia.edu/7502335/The_Viking_Legacy_in_Ireland_p._4-6_33-37_?email_work_card=title
"The Viking
Legacy in Ireland," Tom Birkett and Christina Lee, eds., The Vikings in
Munster, Languages, Myths and Finds, Vol. 3, Centre For the Study of
the Viking Age, University of Nottingham, 2014. Chapters 1-4, Conclusion and
Bibliography (pp. 4-6, 33-37). Uploaded to Academia by Mark Kirwan.
https://notendur.hi.is/thv/t_t.html
Thorsteinn
Vilhjalmsson, "Time and Travel in Old Norse Society," presentation
for Science Institute, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland, 1997 and also
published in Disputatio, II: 89-114, 1997. Paper about daily life
and technical knowledge and skills in Viking medieval Scandinavia.
https://www.academia.edu/13175035/The_Place_of_the_Evil_Infant_Abandonment_in_Old_Norse_Society
Sean B. Lawing,
"The Place of the Evil: Infant Abandonment in Old Norse
Society," Scandinavian Studies, 2013. Uploaded to Academia by Sean
Lawing. Status of deformed and disfigured in medieval Norse society.
https://www.academia.edu/34576015/What_caused_the_Viking_Age
James H. Barrett,
University of Cambridge, Medieval and Environmental Archaeology, "(PDF) What Caused the Viking Age?" Antiquity, 82, 2008,
671-685. Uploaded to Academia by James H. Barrett. Prime movers for the
Viking episode and expansion in early medieval world history.
https://www.archaeology.org/issues/95-1307/features/941-vikings-saaremaa-estonia-salme-vendel-oseberg
Andrew Curry,
"The First Vikings," Archaeology Magazine, July/August 2013.
https://www.salon.com/2014/05/24/how_the_vikings_became_the_worlds_first_climate_change_profiteers/
William Rosen,
"How the Vikings became the world's first climate change profiteers," Salon, May 25, 2014.
http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/657
The
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Project
Gutenberg EBook, posted August 3, 2008. First compiled by
Anglo-Saxon authorities as directed by King Alfred in 890 CE which
recorded early Viking raids on the British Isles. This version
translated by J. Ingram (1823) and J.A. Giles (1847).
https://www.academia.edu/3800136/Annals_armies_and_artistry_The_Anglo-Saxon_Chronicle_865_96?email_work_card=title
Clare Downham,
"Annals, Armies, and Artistry: The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, 865-896
CE," uploaded to Academia by Clare Downham. King Alfred's Anglo-Saxon
Chronicles' focus on Viking campaigns.
http://www.helsinki.fi/varieng/people/valtonen/MAthesis.pdf
Irmeli Valtonen,
"An Interpretation of the Description of Northernmost Europe in the Old
English Orosius," Graduate Thesis Paper, 172 pages, University of Oulu,
Finland, August 1988. Early Viking travel narratives written in 9th century
Anglo Saxon Orosius, The Voyage of Ohthere and The Voyage of Wulfstan, are
important because these are some of the very few accounts of 9th century Viking
northernmost Europe, the rest being archaeological evidence.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11457-018-9221-3
Irene Baug, etc.al,
"The Beginning of the Viking Age in the West," Journal of
Maritime Archaeology, Vol. 14, Issue 1, April 2019, 43-80 seen
in Springer link, first online December 7, 2018.
https://bookriot.com/2016/02/03/10-things-know-lindisfarne-gospels/
Erika Harlitz-Kern,
"10 Things You Should Know about the Lindisfarne Gospels," Book
Riot, February 3, 2016. A 793 CE Viking raid on the Lindisfarne Priory in
northeast England has been cited as the beginning of the Viking Age in the
West.
https://www.academia.edu/1514031/Vikings_in_England
Clare Downham,
"Vikings in England to A.D. 1016," in S. Brink and N. Price,
eds., "The Viking World," London, 2008. Uploaded to Academia by Clare Downham. Slim chapter on Vikings in England.
https://stornowayhistory.wordpress.com/2010/01/12/shakespeares-macleod-the-stornoway-play/
"Shakespeare's 'MacLeod'-"The
Stornoway Play," " The (Made Up) History of Stornoway Weblog, January
12, 2010. As a youth, William Shakespeare spent many happy years in Stornoway
before finding fame as a writer. His first play, 1586, "MacLeod," based on a hermit's sighting of Viking arrival/raids in Stornoway.
https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/saxos-legend-of-amleth-in-the-gesta-danorum
"Saxo's legend
of Amleth in the Gesta Danorum," The British Library, Collections,
nd. Norse tale of Amleth, a literary ancestor of Shakespeare's Hamlet. Scandinavian
legend recorded around 1200 by Danish historian Saxo Grammaticus and first
printed in Paris, 1514. Gesta Danorum was partly mythical history of the
Danes.
http://www.shakespeare-online.com/sources/hamletsources.html
Amanda Mabillard,
"Shakespeare's Sources for Hamlet: Ur-Hamlet, Revenge
tragedy, and the Danish Tragedy," Shakespeare Online, August 20,
2000.
https://www.academia.edu/8954733/The_Chronology_of_the_Last_Scandinavian_Kings_of_York?email_work_card=title
Clare Downham,
"The Chronology of the Last Scandinavian Kings of York," Northern
History, 40: 1, March 2003, uploaded to Academia by Clare Downham.
Downham reviewed two historian's arguments as to struggle for control of York,
in northern England, in early 10th century between rival Scandinavian Kings and
the English. She also defends the chronology in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle(s) as
to this history.
https://www.wittenberg.edu/sites/default/files/media/history/Witt-HistoryJournal_2018.pdf
"New Perspective
on Memory, Religion, Trade, and the Viking Presence," Wittenberg
History Journal, Vol. XLVII, Spring 2018. See articles on
"Viking Fur Trade beyond Western Europe," "Christianization and
Conversion in Danelaw," and "Vikings in al-Andalus."
https://www.academia.edu/12444392/Peace_and_Non-Peace_in_the_Viking_Age_--_Ottar_in_Biarmaland_the_Rus_in_Byzantium_and_
Danes_and_Norwegians_in_England
Niels Lund,
"Peace and Non-Peace in the Viking Age--Ottar in Biarmaland, the Rus in
Byzantium, and Danes and Norwegians in England," chapter in James E.
Knirk, ed., Proceedings of the Tenth Viking Congress, Larkollen, Norway, 1985, uploaded to Academia by Niels Lund.
https://www.academia.edu/32054511/Hamlet_with_the_Princes_of_Denmark_An_exploration_of_the_case_of_H%C3%A1lfdan_king_of_the_Danes
Stephen M. Lewis,
"Hamlet with the Princes of Denmark: An exploration of the case of
Halfdan, 'king of the Danes,'" https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01943605, 2017, uploaded to Academia
by Stephen M. Lewis. Focus on Halfdan, King of the Danes to understand
"the Viking Age, not only in England but in Denmark and the Frankish
realm as well."
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/vikings/religion_01.shtml
Gareth Williams,
"Ancient History in depth: Viking Religion," BBC, February 17, 2011. Explanation of Viking 'pagan' religion and conversion to
Christianity.
https://www.history.org.uk/primary/resource/3867/the-vikings-in-britain-a-brief-history
"The Vikings in
Britain: a brief history," Historical Association, UK, last
updated September 27, 2019. See more resources at the end of this article.
https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/source/xanten1.asp
}"Medieval
Sourcebook: Annals of Xanten, 845-853," Medieval
Sourcebook, Fordham University. Northmen raids into England and France.
http://deremilitari.org/2013/06/disorder-and-warfare-according-to-the-annals-of-xanten-844-861/
"Disorder and
Warfare According to the Annals of Xanten, 844-861," DE RE MILITARI,
June 25, 2013. Northmen raids in northern Europe from series of annals written
at Lorsch (832-852) and at Cologne until 1873.
http://deremilitari.org/2013/07/viking-raids-in-france-and-the-siege-of-paris-882-886/
"Viking Raids in
France and the Siege of Paris, 882-886," DE RE MILITARI, July 4,
2013. Viking raids in France and siege of Paris from The Annals of St.
Vaast.
https://www.persee.fr/doc/rbph_0035-0818_2012_num_90_2_8333
Bjorn Poulsen,
"A Classical Manor in Viking Age and Early Medieval Denmark," Revue
beige de Philologie et d'Histoire, Vol. 90, no. 2, 2012, 451-466.
History and archaeology seem to confirm a Viking Age system of manors, but also
of a classical system of manors, which is then assumed to have continued into
the eleventh, twelfth, and thirteenth centuries.
https://www.ancient.eu/article/1323/the-impact-of-the-norman-conquest-of-england/
Mark Cartwright,
"The Impact of the Norman Conquest of England," Ancient History Encyclopedia, January 23, 2019.
http://mcllibrary.org/Heimskringla/
"Heimskringla
or The Chronicle of the Kings of Norway," by Snorri Sturluson
(1179-1241), Online Medieval and Classical Library Release #15b. Originally
written in Old Norse, app. 1225 CE by poet and historian Snorri Sturluson.
https://www.vikingeskibsmuseet.dk/en/professions/education/viking-knowledge/archaeology-and-history/written-sources-for-the-viking-age/
"Written sources
for the Viking Age," Vikingeskibsmuseet, Denmark, Viking Museum. Much historiography of the Viking Age was/is based on foreign sources since
Scandinavia did not have a literary tradition.
Kinsmen die,
You yourself die,
gods and gold die;
an honourable name will never die,
one which was won
by your own work
(Hávamál stanza 77).
https://www.vikingrune.com/2014/05/old-norse-proverbs-quotes-from-edda/
"Old Norse
Proverbs: Quotes from the Havamal-Poetic Edda, Viking Rune. Old
Norse proverbs from Havamal or Sayings of the High One, Odin.
http://www.pitt.edu/~dash/havamal.html
Havamal, ed., D. L. Ashliman, University of
Pittsburg. Clean copy in English.
http://www.germanicmythology.com/PoeticEdda2/Havamal.html
"Havamal: A Study Guide," Germanic Mythology.
http://germanicmythology.com/
Germanic
Mythology: Texts, Translations, Scholarship, Resources for Researchers,
Germanic Mythology. Resources for Researchers into Germanic, Norse Mythology,
and Northern European Folklore.
https://en.natmus.dk/historical-knowledge/denmark/prehistoric-period-until-1050-ad/the-viking-age/power-and-aristocracy/social-order-in-the-viking-age/
"Social order in
the Viking Age," National Museum of Denmark. See esp. information on Eddic
poem, Havamal and the poem, Rigsthula, which illustrated class
divisions and values in Viking society. Note other Viking information on right
side of this page.
https://pitt.edu/~dash/rig.html
Viking Poem Rigsthula from the Poetic Edda, edited by D.L. Ashliman, March 30, 2010. Poem
explained Viking class divisions. See more on the Rigsthula: https://sacred-texts.com/neu/poe/poe14.htm
https://www.bing.com/search?q=viking+musical+instruments&form=EDGEAR&qs=PF&cvid=f49a76ffcd9644f38f8bc0fdf8b04ab9&cc=
US&setlang=en-US&plvar=0
"Viking Musical
Instruments," Norse Mythology net, August 7, 2018. What
kind of musical instruments did the Vikings have? See 23:26 video and
images of Viking's musical instruments.
https://sonsofvikings.com/blogs/vikings-tv-series/viking-music
"Viking Music,
Vikings Soundtrack, Nordic/Norse Theme Music," Sons of Vikings,
April 20, 2018. History of Viking music and instruments and modern Viking music
groups from the Vikings TV series.
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2015/12/151228-vikings-slaves-thralls-norse-scandinavia-archaeology/
Andrew Lawler,
"Kinder, Gentler Vikings? Not According to Their Slaves," National
Geographic, December 28, 2015.
https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Norse_mythology?page=2
Norse mythology
Research Papers, Academia. See more papers, monographs below:
https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vikings
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/a-viking-mystery-59648019/
David Keys, "A
Viking Mystery," Smithsonian, October 2010. A mass grave found
beneath Oxford University which archaeologists and historians have concluded
held Viking warriors killed by Anglo-Saxons.
https://www.historyextra.com/period/viking/aethelflaed-the-woman-who-crushed-the-vikings/
Janina Ramirez,
"AEthelflaed: The woman who crushed the Vikings," History
Extra, May 17, 2018. Anglo-Saxon wife, mother, diplomat and, above all,
Anglo-Saxon Warrior Queen. See audio podcast on Aethelfaed below:
https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/b01pzrhp
18:00 audio podcast,
"Aethelflaed, Lady of the Mercians," Episode 20 of 30, BBC, Radio
3, The Essay, August 6, 2014.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3309771/
Andrew J. Dugmore,
et. al., "Cultural adaptation, compounding vulnerabilities and conjectures
on Norse Greenland," Critical Perspectives on Historical Collapse
Special, Proceedings of National Academy of Sciences, USA, National Center
for Biotechnology Information, March 6, 2012. Norse Greenland has been seen as
a classic case of maladaptation by an inflexible temperate zone society
extending into the arctic and collapse driven by climate change. This paper
recognized the successful arctic adaptation achieved in Norse Greenland.
https://www.academia.edu/3324945/Norse_Greenland_Settlement_Reflections_on_Climate_Change_Trade_and_the_Contrasting_Fates_
of_Human_Settlements_in_the_North_Atlantic_Islands
Andrew J. Dugmore,
Christian Keller, and Thomas H. McGovern, (PDF) Norse Greenland
Settlement: Reflections on Climate Change, Trade, and the Contrasting
Fates of Human Settlements in the North Atlantic Islands," Arctic
Anthropology, 2007, uploaded to Academia by Thomas H. McGovern.
https://sciencenordic.com/denmark-history-society--culture/how-vikings-navigated-the-world/1377436
Irene Berg Petersen,
"How Vikings navigated the world," Science Nordic, October 9,
2012. Article as to how Greenland Vikings navigated the north Atlantic
seas using birds, whales, celestial bodies, chants and rhymes and human senses.
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/simulation-suggest-legendary-viking-sunstones-could-have-worked-180968710/
Jason Daly, "Simulation
suggests legendary Viking sunstones could have worked," Smithsonian, April 9, 2018.
https://www.nabohome.org/meetings/glthec/materials/keller/KellerFursFishIvory.pdf
Christian Keller,
"Furs, Fish and Ivory--Medieval Norseman at the Arctic Fringe," Journal
of the Northern Atlantic, (JONA), 2005, updated November 27, 2008.
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2016/03/160331-viking-discovery-north-america-canada-archaeology/
Mark Strauss,
"Discovery Could Rewrite History of Vikings in New World," National
Geographic, March 31, 2016. Canadian site could revise Viking history in
the Americas.
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-greenland-vikings-vanished-180962119/
Tim Folger, "Why
Did Greenland Vikings Vanish?" Smithsonian, March 2017.
http://w3.salemstate.edu/~hbenne/pdfs/greenland
"The Story of
the Norse Vikings in Greenland and Why their Settlement Collapsed After 450
Years," Salem State University. Power point based on Jared Diamond's Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed.
http://www.naturalhistorymag.com/htmlsite/master.html?http://www.naturalhistorymag.com/htmlsite/features/1000_vikings.html
Thomas H. McGovern
and Sophia Perdikaris, "What went wrong with the Scandinavian westward
expansion?" Natural History Magazine, October 2000, 51-56.
http://www.bestofsicily.com/mag/art171.htm
L. Mendola and V.
Salerno, "Sicilian Peoples: The Normans," Best of Sicily
Magazine, n.d. The Normans/Norse and Franks in Italy.
https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/sbook1i.asp
See Viking primary
sources, Internet History Sourcebooks, Fordham University. Note first
selection of primary sources on Vikings.
https://www.eh-resources.org/climate-viking-greenland-bibliography/
"Climate,
environment and the Norse in the North Atlantic: A bibliography,"
Environmental History Resources. See bibliography of Norse colonization or
"landnam" of Greenland, Iceland, Faeroe Islands, Shetland, and
Orkneys from the ninth century CE onwards.
https://scholarworks.umt.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4881&context=etd
John C. Sharpe, MA
Thesis paper, Anthropology, "The Viking Expansion: Climate,
Population, Plunder," Scholar Works, University of Montana,
June 2002
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2010/06/viking-weather/
Tim Folger,
"Viking Weather," National Geographic, June 2010. As
Greenland returns to the warm climate that allowed Vikings to colonize it in
the early Middle Ages, its isolated and dependent people dream of greener
fields and pastures, and Oil.
https://foreignpolicy.com/2012/10/08/what-the-vikings-can-teach-us-about-terrorism/
"What the
Vikings Can Teach Us About Terrorism," Foreign Policy, October 8,
2012. Note Viking reference as to technology, shallow-draft ship, and lack
of international order, Dark Ages, to past terror groups and current, 2012, terror.
Lessons
on Vikings
https://www.history.org.uk/resource/3742
Jacqui Dean,
"Viking Traders," Historical Association, UK, last updated
December 8, 2010. Interactive learning-a Viking trading game. See another
version of this lesson module below:
https://www.history.org.uk/resource/3741
Jacqui Dean,
"Vikings settle down," Historical Association, UK. Activities
and a simulation on Vikings, especially around England.
https://www.academia.edu/25719921/Take-home_examination
Tarjei Straume,
"Take Home Examination," HIS 2141 Vikings in the British Isles (c.
800-1050), Department of Archaeology, Conservation and History, The Artic
University of Norway, May 19-22, 2014. Viking Age in Ireland documents.
https://cropper.watch.aetnd.com/cdn.watch.aetnd.com/sites/2/2017/03/ClashoftheGodsBeowolf.pdf
Lesson module. "Clash
of the Gods: Beowulf," History International, two page
pdf. Lesson meant to be used with video documentary below:
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=documentary+film+clash+of+the+gods%3a+beowuf%2c+history&view=detail&mid=9DB44FE5
BE191791EDA89DB44FE5BE191791EDA8&FORM=VIRE
45:02 Video. "Clash
of the Gods: Beowulf," History Channel, published by
Daily Motion, July 27, 2018. Eighth century legend based in Scandinavia. See Beowulf podcasts below.
Podcasts
https://vikingagepodcast.com/welcome-to-the-viking-age
Episode #1,
Welcome to the Viking Age, April 12, 2016. Note tabs at top of this
podcast page for many, many more Viking podcasts and "Related Posts"
at bottom of this page. https://vikingagepodcast.com/tags/#vikingage
https://soundcloud.com/search?q=viking%20world%20history
See various
Viking/Norse podcasts from Breaking History Podcasts, Northeastern
University History graduate students production. See example below:
https://soundcloud.com/scottish-history-podcast/ep-12-viking-food
28:28 Podcast.
"Viking Food," Scottish History Podcast, seen in search engine of Breaking
History Podcasts. Viking farming and food in northern Scotland.
https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-history-of-vikings/id1363609926
The History of
Vikings, Apple Podcasts, hosted by Noah Telzner. 53 Episodes interviewing
historian scholarly discussions about Vikings, Norse myth and the history of
medieval Scandinavia and Iceland.
https://norsebynorthwest.podbean.com/
Podcasts.
"Viking Culture in the Modern World," Pt. 1, 2, and 3, 54:00 each,
Norse by Northwest, April 12, 2018. Three podcast interviews with Viking
authors and historians.
https://historyofenglishpodcast.com/2014/05/06/episode-42-beowulf-and-other-viking-ancestors/
"Beowulf and
Other Viking Ancestors," The History of English Podcast-The Spoken
History of a Global Language, Episode 42, May 6, 2014. See "Episodes"
tab at top of this page for more podcasts, specifically Viking, Dane, Beowulf
episodes.
http://thehistoryofvikings.com/episodes/
Series of
Viking/Norse podcasts. Noah Tetzner, "Episodes-The History of
Vikings," The History of Vikings Podcasts, first episode
from September 16, 2019.
https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m0003jp7
50:07 Podcast.
"The Danelaw," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, Melvyn Bragg and
guests discuss how a series of Danish invasions, settlements and battles with
Anglo-Saxons changed England in the 9th and 10th centuries.
https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m00074j4
28:00 Podcast.
"Word of Mouth, Vikings," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4. Michael Rosen discovered how the Vikings changed the English language.
http://vikingagepodcast.com/episodes/
Podcasts. Lee
Accomando, "Episodes," Viking Age Podcasts, newest podcast,
August 23, 2019. Listen to an example below:
http://vikingagepodcast.com/silver-and-status
Podcast. Lee
Accomando, "Silver and Status," Episode 18, Viking Age Podcast,
October 13, 2016.
https://www.wbur.org/onpoint/2013/03/01/vikings
45:58 audio podcast.
"Vikings! On and Off Screen," On Point, NPR, March 1, 2013.
Interview with creator and writer of History Channel history drama, "Vikings," and Viking historian.
https://www.history.org.uk/primary/categories/765/module/4663/podcast-series-the-vikings
Podcast Series: The Vikings, Historical Association. Viking history featuring Professor
Rosamond McKitterick, Sidney Sussex College, University of Cambridge. Will have
to subscribe and pay to listen to podcasts.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9FJJQQSeVEo
7:16:18 Audiobook.
Lars Brownworth, "The Sea Wolves-A History of the Vikings,"
Tantor Audio, published on You Tube, September 22, 2018. The Sea Wolves, 2014.
Videos
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6VLWthKANBc
59:17 Documentary
Video. "On the Trail of the Vikings," Discovery-History,
published on You Tube July 29, 2015. Focus on Greenland Vikings.
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=the+modern+viking+video+series%2c+ragnar+dracaena&view=detail&mid=86BF723E09D0DDE561
FB86BF723E09D0DDE561FB&FORM=VIRE
1:05:54 Documentary
Video. "The Vikings-Warriors of the Pagan Gods," Viking
Documentary 2018, The Kings Armour, published on You Tube, January 24, 2018.
Scroll down to see more Viking videos on this page.
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=discovery+school+video+unitedstreaming%3a+viking+discoveries&view=detail&mid=8106813AE29B
76574F098106813AE29B76574F09&FORM=VIRE
2:48:17 documentary,
"Columbus or the Vikings? Who Discovered America? The Evidence and
Facts," NOVA, published on You Tube, February 28, 2018. Is the Vinland Map
deception or real? NOVA documentary originally titled "The Viking
Deception."
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IAodgb3BZDc
44:56 Video. "How
the Vikings Discovered North America/History Documentary," Learning
FTW, Forbidden History 2015, published on You Tube, September 25, 2016.
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=simulation+viking+collapse+in+the+americas&view=detail&mid=9E8AE9B8672ED16EBC4C9E8AE
9B8672ED16EBC4C&FORM=VIRE
9:39 Video. Zachary
Cohen, "Collapse of the Greenland Norse," published on You
Tube November 19, 2017.
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=jared+diamond+collapse+of+greenland+norse+video&view=detail&mid=1BFEB0269C5C30886DF31
BFEB0269C5C30886DF3&FORM=VIRE
18:15 Video. Jared
Diamond, "Dr. Jared Diamond: Collapse of the Greenland Norse," Ted
Ed, published on You Tube October 3, 2017.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iZpT8v20Pc8
47:47 Video. "Ancient
Norse Vikings," History Documentary, published on You Tube September
25, 2015. Romanticized picture of Vikings as noble savages emerged in the 18th
century, but their story is more complex when archaeological and historical
sources are reviewed.
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=norsemen+battle+anglo-saxons&view=detail&mid=8673C93780ADC6F67BE98673C93780AD
C6F67BE9&FORM=VIRE
51:39 Video lecture.
Octavia Randolph, historical novelist, "Battle Tactics: Vikings
against Saxons," Gotland Museum, Visby, Gotland for Medieval Week, 2019,
published on You Tube August 17, 2019. See many other Viking/Norse videos
on this page.
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=berserkers+vikings&view=detail&mid=236EAC02271221117005236EAC02271221117005&FORM=VIRE
17:09 Video.
"Berserkers! Did the Vikings have Berserkers?" Military History
not visualized, published on You Tube, May 7, 2019.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wc5zUK2MKNY
11:17 Video. John
Green, "The Vikings," Crash Course World History, published on
You Tube February 4, 2015.
https://webtv.vikingeskibsmuseet.dk/indexuk.aspx
See numerous Viking
videos from Viking Ship Museum, Denmark, webtv. Many videos on Viking ship
building.
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=annals+of+st.+bertin&qs=PF&cvid=4d810c51400b4709bdb3abe6787e7bac&cc=US&setlang=en-US&
plvar=0&first=14&sid=081BF8A00D8968B106ADF6AE0C216945&jsoncbid=0&ru=%2fsearch%3fq%3dannals%2bof%2bst.%2bbertin%26qs
%3dPF%26cvid%3d4d810c51400b4709bdb3abe6787e7bac%26cc%3dUS%26setlang%3den-US%26plvar%3d0%26first%3d14%26FORM%3
dPERE&view=detail&mmscn=vwrc&mid=C639B5D486FD499CA8EDC639B5D486FD499CA8ED&FORM=WRVORC
9:10 Video. "Annals
of St. Bertin (854-860)," Frankish primary source on Danes/Vikings
raids in France, Published on You Tube, February 12, 2019.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CyU54gV_PWM
10:35 Video. "The
Norse Pantheon: Crash Course World Mythology #10," published on
You Tube April 30, 2017. Narration by Mike Rugnetta.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rwO3AN__kAw
8:00 Video.
"Hnefatafl-Board Game of the Vikings," You Tube, March 9, 2018. Epic
Viking board game popular in many areas and countries long into the medieval
age.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tq7qSBRNxBo
1:36:41 full movie, ":The
Vikings: (1958), published on You Tube, December 3, 2016. See Film Review
in section below.
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=viking+berserkers&view=detail&mid=BF4B4A4DBDD6DA70690BBF4B4A4DBDD6DA70690B&FORM=VIRE
1:32:40 Film. "Viking: The Berserkers, 2014," Classic Movies Channel, published on You Tube, September 8, 2019.
Book/Film
Reviews
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/1095-9270.12221
Book Review. Colin
Martin, "Maritime Societies of the Viking and Medieval World, Society for
Medieval Archaeology Monograph, Maney Publishing, 2015, 396 pages, The
International Journal of Nautical Archaeology, February 13,
2017, seen in Wiley Online Library.
Englert, Anton, and
Athena Trakadas, eds. 2009. Wulfstan's Voyage: The Baltic Sea Region in the Early
Viking Age as Seen from Shipboard and Crumlin-Pedersen, Ole. 2010. Archaeology and the Sea in Scandinavia and Britain: A
Personal Account. Reviewed by Craig R. Davis.
http://www.heroicage.org/issues/17/reviews.php#englert
Book Reviews. Craig
R. Davis. See those titles reviewed above in The Heroic Age-A Journal of Early Medieval Northwest Europe, Issue 17, 2017.
http://deremilitari.org/2017/05/kim-hjardar-and-vegard-vike-vikings-at-war-albright/
Book Review. Craig
Nakashian, "Kim Hjardar and Vegard Vike, Vikings at War," De
Re Militari, The Society for Medieval Military History, posted May
22, 2017. Norwegian historians on Viking military history, 2016, 400 pages.
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2017/01/viking-beyond-northlands-norse-saga-barraclough/
Simon Worrall,
"How Much Viking Lore is True?" Book Talk, National Geographic, January 22, 2017.
https://www.academia.edu/37501050/Book_Review_Zilmer_2012_Epigraphic_Literacy_and_Christian_Identity_Modes_of_Written_Discourse_
in_the_Newly_Christian_European_North_Parergon_2013_vol._30_1_
Book Review. Roderick
McDonald, "Kristel Zilmer and Judith Jesch, eds., Epigraphic Literacy and Christian Identity Modes of Written Discourse in the
Newly Christian European North, Parergon, 2013, Vol. 30, no. 1."
Seen in Parergon Journal of Australian and New Zealand Association
for Medieval and Early Modern Studies, 300-301. Uploaded to Academia by
Roderick McDonald.
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/23262724-the-vikings
Book Review. "The
Vikings" by Allen Mawer, Goodreads. Originally published by
Cambridge University Press, 1913. See Project Gutenberg EBook below:
http://www.gutenberg.org/files/53106/53106-h/53106-h.htm
Allen Mawer, "The
Vikings," Cambridge University Press, 1913, published by Gutenberg
EBook, September 21, 2016.
https://www.academia.edu/37755002/Viking_Rus_Studies_on_the_presence_of_Scandinavians_in_Eastern_Europe_by_Waldyslaw_Duczko_
Review_by_Konrad_Hughes_
Konrad Hughes, "Viking
Rus: Studies on the presence of Scandinavians in Eastern Europe by
Waldyslaw Duczko, Review by Konrad Hughes," October 29, 2018, uploaded to
Academia by Konrad Hughes.
https://aelarsen.wordpress.com/2014/03/13/the-13th-warrior-learning-to-love-the-vikings-even-if-they-dont-wash/
A. E. Larsen, "The
13th Warrior: Learning to Love the Vikings, Even if They Don't
Wash," website, An Historian Goes to the Movies, March 13, 2014.
Larsen reviewed 1999 movie, The 13th Warrior, based on
Michael Crichton's novel, Eaters of the Dead, which was based
on Beowulf and the Risala of Ahmed ibn Fadlan
trip up the Volga in 921 CE.
http://www.michaelcrichton.com/eaters-of-the-dead/
"Eaters of the
Dead," Michael Crichton website. Information on Crichton's 1976 historical
novel about Ibn Fadlan's travels up the Volga with Viking Rus and film 13th
Warrior.
https://classicmovierev.com/the-vikings-1958/
Film Review. John
Cornelison, "The Vikings (1958) Classic Movie Review 18, Classic
Movie Review, March 30, 2015.
http://filmstarfacts.com/2017/04/25/long-ships-1964-stupid-stupid-movie/
Film Review. Alan
Royle, "The Long Ships, 1964, a stupid, stupid movie," Film
Star Facts, April 25, 2017. Movie shot in Belgrade, 1963=1964 reviewed by
historian Alan Royle.
http://classicmovierev.com/23-the-long-ships-1964/
Film Review. John
Cornelison, "The Long Ships (1964) Classic Movie Review 23," Classic
Movie Review, May 10, 2015.
Websites
http://viking.archeurope.info/
Viking Archaeology
Home Page, Viking Archaeology website and blog. See Viking Archaeology blog
below:
http://viking-archaeology-blog.blogspot.com/
Viking Archaeology
blog.
http://viking.archeurope.info/index.php?page=viking-websites
Viking websites,
Viking Archaeology Europe website.
https://www.sagadb.org/
Index-Icelandic Saga
Database. Body of medieval Icelandic literature. The sagas are prose histories
which described events that took place amongst the Norse and Celtic inhabitants
of Iceland during the period of the Icelandic Commonwealth in the 10th and 11th
centuries CE.
http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/312
Books by Snorri
Sturluson, Icelandic Viking elite, Gutenberg eBooks. Includes Younger, Elder
Eddas, etc. Who was Snorri Sturluson (1179-1241)? See below:
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=snorri+sturluson&view=detail&mid=15C1C347087D2A7D86EA15C1C347087D2A7D86EA&FORM=VIRE
9:03 Video. "Who
was Snorri Sturluson?" Norse Mythology.net, published July 29,
2017.
https://norse-mythology.org/
Norse Mythology for
Smart People--The Ultimate Online Guide to Norse Mythology and Religion.
https://csspublications.net/
IWCSS, Centre
web-portal for Scandinavian Studies, Copenhagen, Denmark.
http://www.hurstwic.com/history/text/history.htm#Daily_Living
"Hurstwic: Viking History Table of Contents, Hurstwic. Viking Daily Living
resources.
http://www.vikinganswerlady.com/varangians.shtml
Viking Answer Lady
website. "Vikings in the East: Rus and Varangians," Viking
answer lady. See table of contents on the left and corresponding tabs
at top of page for topics and resources for this webpage.
https://historicalnovelsociety.org/period/viking/
Viking Archives,
Historical Novel Society. See many Viking historical novels.
https://www.vsnr.org/publications/
Viking Society for
Northern Research website. See numerous Viking publications. See more resources
from this website below, including entire SAGA-Book.
http://vsnrweb-publications.org.uk/
Viking Society for
Northern Research Publications including Journal, Saga-Book. All
publications (and other related items) from Viking Society inception in 1893 to
present available on this website.
http://cavanscott.com/tag/vikings/
Website.
"Vikings," Cavan Scott website, September 16, 2019. Cavan Scott
creates Viking comic books.
https://www.vikingrune.com/
Website. The Viking
Rune--All Things Viking and Norse. Website on Viking and "for
Vikings." Articles on Norse mythology, Viking Symbols and Nordic
runes. "Your guide to all things Germanic."
http://deremilitari.org/?s=viking
"Viking
Resources," De Re Militari. The Society for Medieval Military
History. See book reviews, articles, papers beginning May 22, 2017.
https://www.questia.com/library/history/european-history/medieval-renaissance-europe/vikings
List of books and
articles about Vikings, Questia Online Library. See vast array of resources on
Vikings. See bottom of first page for "Search for more books and articles
on Vikings," for thousands of digital resources.
Journals
http://vms.asnc.cam.ac.uk/
Viking
and Medieval Scandinavia Journal, published by Brepols.
http://vsnrweb-publications.org.uk/
See Journal, Saga-Book, Viking Society for Northern Research Publications including
Journal, Saga-Book.
https://bioone.org/journals/journal-of-the-north-atlantic/issues/2018
Journal
of the North Atlantic,
Journal, 2018.
http://www.heroicage.org/
The
Heroic Age: A Journal of Early Medieval Northwest Europe. Viking articles, book reviews papers
seen in this Journal. See "Back Issues" tab at top right of this page
to see these resources.
John Maunu is World History Connected Digital Resources Editor and a College Board AP World History consultant,
currently working with Cranbrook/Kingswood High School in Bloomfield Hills,
Michigan. John can be reached at maunu48@hotmail.com |
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